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The term ”The Great Firewall” is used outside of China to refer to the system of controlling mechanism applied by the Chinese government on the Internet and the new medias in general. Inside of China the Internet controlling mechanism are known as ”The Golden Shield Project”. But system referred to by the term ”The Golden Shield Project” is not identically to the one referred to by the term the ”The Great Firewall”. This because the term ”The Great Firewall” applies to all known and unknown controlling and censoring mechanisms applied by the Chinese government on the new medias whereas ”The Golden Shield Project” refers directly to a specific Internet and media controlling and surveillance project started in 1998. From the outside ”The Great Firewall” is often perceived as a giant black box controlling any incoming and outgoing Internet traffic exchange between China and the rest of the world. This perception although it matches with the reality from a birds-eye perspective, it is no longer valid when the controlling mechanisms are examined only a bit closer. In fact, there does no such device exist as suggested by the term ”The Great Firewall”, but it is a composition of a multitude of different controlling systems and mechanism. Also even though the term ”Firewall” clearly designates a technical device, ”The Great Firewall” not only consists of technical controlling devices but also includes a vast part of laws and rules regulating the information exchange and to some part also directing the application of the technical controlling devices.4.0.1 Laws and regulationsA big part of the incidents relating to The Great Firewall who are perceived by a broad spectatorship outside of China due to publication in mass-media, are in fact not really related to any technical censoring devices, but are caused by a random directive in the huge framework of laws and regulations revolving around the information exchange and content production on the Internet in China. These laws and regulations can be categorized in two different sets, the first one being all the directives regarding information exchange between China and the rest of the world as well as inside China, and the second one being all the directives regarding content creation and publication as well as distribution. The laws for content creation are particularly strict to websites where people can leave a comment. The website owners are obligated to control the content of every comment left by a visitor against any compromising statement.4.0.2 Technical censoring fields4.0.3 Technical censoring mechanisms
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